Mental Health

Bacopa

Leave a Comment / ADHD, Anxiety, Cognitive Funtion, Depression, Memory, Mental Health /

Overview

Bacopa is a plant that has been used in traditional Indian Ayurvedic medicine. Do not confuse bacopa with gotu kola – both plants are sometimes called Brahmi.

Bacopa is commonly used for Alzheimer disease, memory and thinking skills (cognitive function), anxiety, and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but there is limited scientific research to support these uses.

How does it work ?

Bacopa might increase certain brain chemicals that are involved in thinking, learning, and memory. Some research suggests that it might also protect brain cells from chemicals involved in Alzheimer disease.

Uses & Effectiveness ?

Possibly Ineffective for

  • A long-term disorder of the large intestines that causes stomach pain (irritable bowel syndrome or IBS). Bacopa does not seem to help keep IBS symptoms from returning after they have gone away for a while.

Insufficient Evidence for

  • Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is unclear if bacopa is beneficial for reducing symptoms of ADHD.
  • Memory and thinking skills (cognitive function). Some research shows that bacopa improves some memory and thinking skills, but not all research agrees.
  • Depression. Early research shows that taking bacopa along with citalopram, an antidepressant, helps to reduce symptoms in people who have depression and don’t get full relief from citalopram.
  • Alzheimer disease.
  • Back pain.
  • Heart failure and fluid build up in the body (congestive heart failure or CHF).
  • High blood pressure.
  • Insomnia.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  • Sexual problems that prevent satisfaction during sexual activity.
  • Other conditions.

More evidence is needed to rate bacopa for these uses.

Side Effects

When taken by mouth: Bacopa extract is POSSIBLY SAFE for adults when used for up to 12 weeks. Common side effects include increased bowel movements, stomach cramps, nausea, dry mouth, and fatigue.

Special Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There isn’t enough reliable information to know if bacopa is safe to use when pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.

Children: Bacopa is POSSIBLY SAFE when taken by mouth by children 6-12 years old for up to 6 months.

Slow heart rate (bradycardia): Bacopa might slow down the heart rate. This could be a problem in people who already have a slow heart rate.

Gastrointestinal tract blockage: Bacopa might cause “congestion” in the intestines. This might cause problems in people who have a blockage in their intestines.

Ulcers: Bacopa might increase secretions in the stomach and intestines. There is concern that this could worsen ulcers.

Lung conditions: Bacopa might increase fluid secretions in the lung. There is concern that this could worsen lung conditions such as asthma or a lung disease that makes it harder to breathe (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD).

Thyroid disorders: Bacopa might increase levels of thyroid hormone. Bacopa should be used cautiously or avoided if you have a thyroid condition or take thyroid hormone medications.

Urinary tract obstruction: Bacopa might increase secretions in the urinary tract. There is concern that this could worsen urinary obstruction.

Interactions ?

We currently have no information for BACOPA Interactions.

Dosing

The appropriate dose of bacopa depends on several factors such as the user’s age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for bacopa. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.
THIS POST WAS ORIGINALLY POSTED ON www.webmd.com
OTHER NAMES(S): Andri, Bacopa monniera, Bacopa monnieri, Brahmi, Herb of Grace, Herpestis Herb, Herpestis monniera, Hysope d’Eau, Indian Pennywort, Jalanimba, Jal-Brahmi, Jalnaveri, Nira-Brahmi, Moniera cuneifolia, Sambrani Chettu, Thyme-Leaved Gratiola, Water Hyssop.

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L-Theanine

Leave a Comment / Amino Acids, Mental Health /

Overview

Theanine is an amino acid found in tea. It is also found in some mushrooms. Theanine comes in two forms – L-theanine and D-theanine. L-theanine is the form most commonly found in tea and supplements.

L-theanine is used to improve mental function. It is also used for anxiety, mental impairment, stress, and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.

How does it work ?

Theanine has a chemical structure very similar to glutamate, a naturally occurring amino acid in the body that helps transmit nerve impulses in the brain. Some of the effects of theanine appear to be similar to glutamate, and some effects seem to block glutamate.

Uses & Effectiveness ?

Possibly Effective for

  • Memory and thinking skills (cognitive function). Taking L-theanine might help healthy people stay focused on a task over long periods of time. It might also help people with lower thinking skills perform tasks that require them to find words in a specific category. But it doesn’t seem to improve other measures of memory or thinking. It isn’t clear if adding L-theanine to caffeine works better than using either of those ingredients alone.

Insufficient Evidence for

  • Anxiety. Early research shows that taking L-theanine daily for 4 weeks reduces stress-related anxiety. But it doesn’t seem to help with other types of anxiety.
  • Ability to pay attention. Early research shows that taking L-theanine 200 mg before a test improves attention. But lower doses might not help.
  • Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Some early research shows that taking L-theanine might improve memory and thinking skills, but not attention or impulse control, in children with ADHD. Other early research shows that taking L-theanine increases restful sleep and decreases nightly activity during sleep in males ages 8-12 with ADHD.
  • Diarrhea caused by cancer drug treatment. Taking a product containing L-cysteine and L-theanine might reduce diarrhea and loss of appetite caused by some cancer drugs in people with colon cancer. But it doesn’t seem to reduce these side effects of cancer drugs in people with stomach cancer. It also doesn’t seem to reduce diarrhea caused by all cancer drugs.
  • Depression. Early research shows that taking theanine by mouth at bedtime for 8 weeks decreases symptoms and improves sleep in people with depression.
  • Schizophrenia. Some early research shows that taking L-theanine by mouth along with prescribed drugs improves some symptoms of schizophrenia. More research is needed to determine the effects, if any, of L-theanine on symptoms of schizophrenia.
  • Stress. Some early research shows that taking L-theanine 200 mg before an exam or school practicum experience reduces stress. But not all research agrees.
  • Alzheimer disease.
  • Cancer.
  • Decline in memory and thinking skills in older people that is more than what is normal for their age.
  • Flu (influenza).
  • High blood pressure.
  • Insomnia.
  • Other conditions.

More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of theanine for these uses.

Side Effects

When taken by mouth: L-theanine is POSSIBLY SAFE when taken by mouth, short-term. Doses of up to 900 mg of L-theanine daily have been safely used for 8 weeks. It is unknown if L-theanine is safe when used for longer periods of time. L-theanine may cause mild adverse effects, such as headache or sleepiness.

Special Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There isn’t enough reliable information to know if theanine is safe to use when pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.

Children: L-theanine is POSSIBLY SAFE for children when taken by mouth, short-term. Doses of 200 mg of L-theanine have been safely used twice daily for up to 6 weeks in males aged 8-12 years.

Low blood pressure: Theanine might lower blood pressure. In theory, theanine might increase the risk of blood pressure dropping too low in people prone to low blood pressure. If you have low blood pressure, discuss theanine with your healthcare provider before starting it.

Interactions ?

 

Moderate Interaction

Be cautious with this combination

  • Medications for high blood pressure (Antihypertensive drugs) interacts with THEANINE

    Theanine seems to decrease blood pressure. Taking theanine along with medications for high blood pressure might cause your blood pressure to go too low.

    Some medications for high blood pressure include captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), losartan (Cozaar), valsartan (Diovan), diltiazem (Cardizem), Amlodipine (Norvasc), hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril), furosemide (Lasix), and many others.

  • Stimulant drugs interacts with THEANINE

    Stimulant drugs speed up the nervous system. By speeding up the nervous system stimulant medications can make you feel jittery and speed up your heartbeat. Theanine might work to slow down the nervous system. Taking theanine along with stimulant medications might decrease the effectiveness of stimulant medications.

    Some stimulant drugs include diethylpropion (Tenuate), epinephrine, phentermine (Ionamin), pseudoephedrine (Sudafed), and many others.

Dosing

The following doses have been studied in scientific research:

ADULTS
BY MOUTH:

  • For memory and thinking skills (cognitive function): A single dose of 100 mg of L-theanine before a test has been used. L-theanine 200 mg daily for 4 weeks has been used. L-theanine has also been used in combination with caffeine. Combination doses have ranged from 30-100 mg of caffeine and 12-100 mg of L-theanine.

THIS POST WAS ORIGINALLY POSTED ON www.webmd.com

OTHER NAMES(S): 2-Amino-4- (ethylcarbamoyl) Butyric Acid, 5-N-ethylglutamine, Gamma-ethylamino-L-glutamic acid, Gamma-glutamylethylamide, Gamma-N-ethylglutamine, L-gamma-glutamylethylamide, L-Theanine, L-Théanine, N-Éthyl-L-Glutamine, Teanina, Théanine.

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